There is a family of compound postpositions in Urdu that are composed of two words, the first of which is کے. This family includes:
for X = کےلئےX
in front of X = کے سامنےX
with X = کے ساتھX
inside of X = کے اندرX
after X = کے بعدX
outside X = کے باہرX
above X = کےا وٗپرX
near X = کے پاسX
Note how theseکے
family postpositions combine with the pronouns in their oblique forms:
for you (polite) = آپ کے لۓ
in front of you (polite) = آپ کے سامنے
with him/her/it = اِس کے ساتھ
inside of him/her/it = اُس کے اندر
after these/them = اِن کے بعد
outside of those/them = اُن کے باہر
above whom = کِس کے اوپر
When the prounouns میں , تم , ہمare followed byکےor any of theکےfamily postpositions, they take special combining forms which are identical to the corresponding possessive pronouns.
Thus:
میں + کے = میرے
تم + کے= تمہارے
ہم + کے = ہمارے
Examples of the Special Forms (hidden
کے):
for me = میرے لئے
in front of me = میرے سامنے
with you (familiar) = تمہارے ساتھ
inside of you (familiar) = تمہارے اندر
after us = ہمارے بعد
outside of us = ہمارے باہر
above me = میرے اوپر
near you = تمہارے پاس
The second word of theکے pospositions , when used alone, functions as an adverb:
